If you’re starting to pick up a musical instrument, you may have been advised to learn music theory, the study of the grammar of music. Music theory examines the elements that construct a piece of music, including notation, key signatures, time signatures, and chord progressions. Many teachers will insist that music theory is a fundamental tenet of a balanced music education and may even include theory as part of their lessons. On the other hand, some believe that learning music theory does not make one a better player and hence find it unnecessary. In this article, we share the importance of music theory so you can assess if music theory is necessary for your music education.
Myth: Music Theory is Harmful to Creativity
Detractors of music theory often assert that learning music theory is not only a superfluous pursuit, but also is detrimental to one’s playing and composition. Supposedly, music theory induces musicians to follow arbitrary rules, curtailing the creative expression of music, which should be an art form that is free spirited and unrestrained in possibilities.
This view is only valid insofar that the musician strictly adheres to the conventions espoused by music theory. Otherwise, it’s a pretty damning assumption that all musicians with extensive music theory knowledge are mindless robots programmed to follow a specified logic in their music.
In fact, all of us can discern when and when not to follow rules. Sometimes, it comes so naturally that we don’t even recognize it. For example, with our knowledge of the grammar rules of the English language, we might be able to write and speak in the Queen’s English. Yet, we don’t always follow these rules as we know that there are contexts in which they are less relevant. Unsurprisingly, we break these rules daily by using slang and other non-standard forms of English when texting or hanging out with friends.
On the other hand, if we have no knowledge the “rules” of music theory, we won’t recognize when a piece breaks the rules or know when it’s appropriate to abide by these rules. As composer David von Kampen suggests in his music theory related article “Why Teach Part-Writing,” breaking rules is meaningless if you don’t even know the rules in the first place. We may unceremoniously dismiss a Bach Fugue as boringly mechanical as it offends our modern pop sensibilities, without recognising its mathematical genius and how Bach attempts to push the boundaries of music despite the limitations of the instruments of his time.
Learners of music theory will know when the rules of music theory are most applicable. Music theory won’t hurt us at all!
Okay so learning music theory doesn’t hurt me, but does it help me?
Yes, it does! Learning music theory comes with several benefits. We discuss the significance of these benefits in this section.
Master pieces faster
Knowing music theory helps us hasten the learning process. A clear understanding of how the piece is constructed helps us learn faster, much like how knowing a street map enables us to drive more efficiently. We will be able to find large scale repetitions and formal landmarks that help us get familiar with the piece. This makes the piece easier to memorize as well. For instance, sonatas may be massively long, but their first movements usually observe the thematic and harmonic structure of Sonata Form. Understanding Sonata Form could save you a lot of time from deciphering how the composition is constructed. You’ll be especially alert to its themes, the repetitions of these themes, and their variations. You’ll also easily notice the standard structure of the sonata’s first movement: exposition, development, and recapitulation. The recapitulation in most sonatas will essentially repeat their expositions, with minor variations. This reduces the amount of new material within the sonata by about a third while speeding up the learning process by that much.
Up your sight-reading game
With music theory knowledge, we can understand common chord progressions and the structure of pieces, which then help predict what the next few measures might sound like. Furthermore, developing a good grasp on intervals will aid in recognizing them on sight. With this, we can sight read faster as we can identify contours and larger patterns in the notes, instead of reading each note one by one.
Enjoy music even more
Understanding music theory will enable us to better appreciate music. Greater familiarity with the features of a composition comes together with a greater capacity for expression when we play and lends to a stronger relatability to the pieces we play. We will be able to spot unusual features in a piece that violate the “rules” learned, and then appreciate that the composer has done something special. This can manifest in irregular contrasts in phrasing, dynamics, meter, or articulation. For example, the second movement of Tchaikovsky’s Symphony No. 6 is a waltz written in 5/4 time, instead of the usual 3/4. Even though Tchaikovsky disrupts the smoothness and balance of the waltz (it has even been described as limping), the dance arguably proceeds on elegantly, and perhaps with even more character.
Even when we aren’t playing, a deeper appreciation of the music we listen to will, at the very least, bring about greater joy.
Improvise like a pro
With knowledge of tonal syntax from our music theory studies, we gain the ability to predict logical chord progressions, which allows us to improvise music that sounds authentic, logical, and cohesive. This helps us find our way out of performing “emergencies,” such as when the players have gotten off track from one another, without the audience noticing anything amiss. This is especially essential for jazz performers, who need to put in extra effort to understand jazz chords, so that they can make funky sounds that are atypical of other genres.
Benefits of learning music theory for guitarists
1. Learning how to read sheet music familiarizes guitarists with the foundations of chords and how tablature looks on a score, which aids learning.
2. With the knowledge of the individual notes that each string can play, guitarists have an easier time playing riffs and in different tunings.
3. The ability to read sheet music is crucial for gigging guitarists to play in a group.
4.With an understanding of chord progressions, guitarists find it simpler to reharmonize simple pop songs to sound jazzier.
5. Guitarists will improvise better as they will know the scales that can be played over every chord.